I'm going to go out on a limb on this one, and suggest Clinostomum, or yellow grub. It's commmon in the US, Africa, Asia and South America in catfish.
Haven't found a cure, but it is a parasite, and fits the picture where you can see them at different developmental stages.
Here's a picture:
http://www.ohiodnr.com/wildlife/Fishing/pond/health.htm at the bottom, showing a tail infested by this parasite.
It develops mainly at the root of the fins, but also in other parts of the body. Typical for an armoured catfish that they come out in the softer tissue on the belly?
and a more technical study of this parasite:
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S15 ... xt&tlng=en
I might be way off on this one though, haven't seen it myself, so just guessing after doing some research.

Look forward to hearing the other members opinons!